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Levels of Evidence
Levels of Evidence: Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy
| Level | Criteria |
|---|---|
| 1 | Independent, masked comparison with reference standard among an appropriate population of consecutive patients |
| 2 | Independent, masked comparison with reference standard among non-consecutive patients or confined to a narrow population of study patients |
| 3 | Independent, masked comparison with reference standard among non-consecutive patients or confined to a narrow population of study patients |
| 4 | Reference standard not applied independently or masked |
| 5 | Expert opinion with no explicit critical appraisal, based on physiology, bench research, or first principles |
Source: Evidence and Diagnostics (Bandolier)
Links
| Site | Host |
|---|---|
| University of Oxford | |
| British Medical Journal 2005;330:724-726 | |
| University of Nottingham |